FreeBSD Administration¶

Notes on FreeBSD system administration.

Some assumptions about the system are made. Like running a RELEASE version and using binary packages without anything built locally.

FreeBSD Updating Checklist¶

update the base system

https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/updating-upgrading-freebsdupdate.html
```
# freebsd-update fetch
# freebsd-update install
```

Update jails

https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/jails-ezjail.html

# ezjail-admin update -u
# mergemaster -U -D /usr/jails/jailname

Update packages:
```
# pkg update
# pkg upgrade
```

Updating Major/Minor Version¶

Update the base system:
```
# freebsd-update -r 12.0-RELEASE upgrade
# freebsd-update install # install the new kernel
```
# reboot

# freebsd-update install # install the rest, yes twice. Not sure why. # freebsd-update install

Update jails:

# ezjail-admin update -U -s 11.0-RELEASE
# mergemaster -U -D /usr/jails/jailname

Update pkg

At this point, pkg may be broken and needs to be updated first:
```
# pkg-static install -f pkg
```
Update packages:
```
# pkg update
# pkg upgrade
```

Operation not permitted on files¶

Some special files (directories) are marked with system immutable flag.

Remove with:

# chflags -R noschg *